The European Union free essay sample

The following essay examines the European Union and the extent of this bodys power. This paper examines the European Unions growing powers in the areas of economics, law and politics, energy, environmental issues, travel, education, security, technology, communications, relationships with non-member states (including aid to other countries), and future governance. From the paper: The EU continues to address and legislate in the area of energy as well. Euratom was included in the Treaties of Rome in 1956-7. The energy crisis of the 70s was a specific challenge to the Community, and an energy commission was established in 1975. Atomic energy has always been a hot topic among the EU leaders, and the European Energy Charter of the early 90s was significant (Europa, 2001). In 1996, strategies for renewable energy sources were discussed.

The Effect of Music on Society Essay Example

The Effect of Music on Society Essay Example The Effect of Music on Society Essay The Effect of Music on Society Essay To most people, music is seen as a by-product of society, but it is also an influence. Humans are influenced by their environment in many ways, including creativity. A few examples to show musics effect on society include religious music, how musicians can affect politics, and also different genres and how they can play on your emotions. For years, christian music has been played in churches. It may make the listener want to do better and care for others. For some, the positivity of the music could help them in every situation. It helps them show and strengthen their faith.Christian music is often used as a comfort cushion and re-enforcement in their beliefs. Bands like Rage Against the Machine and Tool have risen to the level of a political force by potraying their views on political situations in their music. It is by no coincidence that The Dead, Jay-Z, and Bruce Springsteen all held concerts for President-elect Barack Obama, before he was elected (Trever Jones). Music can affect the way see a canidate like a propaganda poster. We tend to listen to music that reflects our moods or emotions (Nathan Feiles). Listening to upbeat and energetic music can help you get out of a sad mood.When people are feeling down, they usually listen to slow and moving music because they feel as though they can relate. Music can easily alter your feelings, sway the views on an election, and influence peoples behavior through religion. Music is an incredibly powerful tool like a toothbush when brushing your teeth. Bibliography: Jones, Trevor. Music and Its Influence on Society. Helium. Helium, 24 Dec. 2008. Web. 13 May 2013. Feiles, Nathan. How Music Impacts, Helps Our Emotions | World of Psychology. Psych Central. com. N. p. , 2012. Web. 13 May 2013.

The Effect of Music on Society Essay Example

The Effect of Music on Society Essay Example The Effect of Music on Society Essay The Effect of Music on Society Essay To most people, music is seen as a by-product of society, but it is also an influence. Humans are influenced by their environment in many ways, including creativity. A few examples to show musics effect on society include religious music, how musicians can affect politics, and also different genres and how they can play on your emotions. For years, christian music has been played in churches. It may make the listener want to do better and care for others. For some, the positivity of the music could help them in every situation. It helps them show and strengthen their faith.Christian music is often used as a comfort cushion and re-enforcement in their beliefs. Bands like Rage Against the Machine and Tool have risen to the level of a political force by potraying their views on political situations in their music. It is by no coincidence that The Dead, Jay-Z, and Bruce Springsteen all held concerts for President-elect Barack Obama, before he was elected (Trever Jones). Music can affect the way see a canidate like a propaganda poster. We tend to listen to music that reflects our moods or emotions (Nathan Feiles). Listening to upbeat and energetic music can help you get out of a sad mood.When people are feeling down, they usually listen to slow and moving music because they feel as though they can relate. Music can easily alter your feelings, sway the views on an election, and influence peoples behavior through religion. Music is an incredibly powerful tool like a toothbush when brushing your teeth. Bibliography: Jones, Trevor. Music and Its Influence on Society. Helium. Helium, 24 Dec. 2008. Web. 13 May 2013. Feiles, Nathan. How Music Impacts, Helps Our Emotions | World of Psychology. Psych Central. com. N. p. , 2012. Web. 13 May 2013.

Ethics and the Criminal Justice Profession Case Study

Ethics and the Criminal Justice Profession - Case Study Example He fails to document this information." (Rothlein, 2007). This case shows that evidence has been discarded that may or may not affect the case. It is not within the bounds of the detective to determine that. All evidence must be disclosed. This case essentially tells how important the Brady v Maryland case is in the everyday job of the police officer or investigator. This in many ways is a difficult question to answer. No one wants to be held to a higher standard than those around them. However, I again quote the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics. In paragraph two it says: "I will keep my private life unsullied, as an example to all: I will be exempletory in obeying the laws of the land and the regulations of my department."(Law Enforcement Code of Ethics). If we do not hold the police officer at a higher standard than what might that affect when it comes time to prosecute a criminal If the arresting officer is known to indulge in drug abuse off duty and then arrests someone for doing the same while on duty, how does he justify that Because it is the law.

Nursing and palliative care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nursing and palliative care - Research Paper Example This can be achieved by impeccable assessment, and the early identification and treatment of not only pain, but also a range of other problems that might relate to psychosocial, physical and spiritual aspects. Care for dying patients has continued to remain a very fundamental aspect of nursing. As patients shift from a state where they are observed to be sick to that in which they are described as dying, it is principally the nurses who are tasked with the day-to-day duty of helping and supporting these patients and their families in their attempts to try and successfully live with the social, psychological, spiritual and physical consequences of a patient’s illness. When patients reach a state of terminal illness, the independent and autonomous dying role that they assume forces that there be a complementary shift on the part of the doctor and nurse. This is because the role of the doctor is primarily centered on curing and treatment; however when attempts at curing and treatment fail, the supportive and caring role that is played by nurses becomes increasingly more dominant as a patient dies. Despite the commitment that nurses have towards the fulfillment of their roles in /hospi ce care, there are however some negative factors that greatly inhibit the provision of good quality care by these nurses. This paper will seek to show that nurses play an important role in hospice care and the concerns inhibiting nurses from attending to this role need to urgently be addressed. The important role that is played by hospice care nurses cannot be over emphasized. These nursing professionals bring in what is noted to be a unique set of qualities and skills that greatly enhance the overall support and care that is provided to patients facing the end of life. These nurses also serve the crucial role of supporting the families of their patients as well as the communities that support them. The skills possessed

Evaluating Popular vs. Scholarly Presentations of Global Climate Change Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Popular vs. Scholarly Presentations of Global Climate Change Essay There is a very clear distinction in the presentation of material on climate change between the popular and scholarly sources. The popular source tends to present a more emotion-driven content that primarily appeals to a politically motivated side of the issue. For example, the emphasis of the article in the L.A. times emphasize â€Å"an iceless Arctic summer† and â€Å"suffering Polar bears† which gives the impression that climate change is something extremely detrimental. The popular media podcast takes this political route to a higher level, by directly linking these dangers to administrative policies done by government. What is clear about the popular article is that climate change is a very bad thing, what is clear in the subsequent podcast is that there are people responsible for it. What is not so clear though is how apparent the evidences are to these supposed grave detriments. The article attempted to substantiate this initially by citing that half of their models says so without really explaining why half of 15 models saying so is good enough. They even used this opinion from one person saying that You have to fly a lot longer to get to the ice edge than you used to, which is fairly unscientific and not reliable at all. The scholarly article and its subsequent podcast both present hard facts regarding climate change and its possible effects. There is a uniform level of clarity regarding the subtopics that they present backed up by objective data such as charts on carbon emissions vis-à  -vis global warming stats following the same time-span. This presents a clear view of the extent of damage caused by carbon emissions. What is a bit lacking is content on the social relevance of the objective findings, which I don’t think I can expect from the material in the first place since delving into such contexts would already have a subjective inkling. I think the writers/directors of the popular sources aim to make readers sympathetic to their cause and consequently, to their political agenda. On the other hand, the authors/directors of the scholarly journal and podcast aim to present unbiased information which might hopefully spur other researchers into action towards verification or further development of their current work. I think the way global climate change is presented in the popular sources makes us more afraid of the event. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing since even the scholarly sources point out that there are significant possible detriments, but being overly afraid because of sensationalized news might not evoke the best thought-of response from the reader/listener. On the other hand, the scholarly sources are not very exciting to read or listen to, which may be a barrier if you’re not really into all the science stuff but you want to learn more about helping the environment. What’s good about popular sources is that they know what people like and how people like to hear news. They can get readers and listeners to be more interested in topics. Scholarly sources although bland in style present the actual facts and objective data that people who might have been social awoken by popular sources might want to look into. In this way, I can see a synergistic aspect between the two models. One danger is causing unnecessary panic, or making people unjustifiably angry against certain entities like the government instead of realizing the problem and working on it. I think directors have to maintain a certain decency of not going overboard with the sensationalism and being as objective as they can be. Perhaps all the scientific journals need is just a bit more style in the presentation, a more layman way of talking about all the scientific details. Also, better visual representation by the use of computer animation may make objective studies a lot easier to sit through and understand. Sources: Zarembo, A. (2007).  Forecast: an iceless Arctic summer. Los Angeles Times.   Mar 16, 2007.  pg.  A.32 Phoenix, G. Lee, J. (2004) Predicting impacts of Arctic climate change: Past lessons and future challenges. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK Scientific podcast. Retrieved April 28, 2007 from: http://www.exploratorium.edu/poles/climate.php Popular media podcast. Retrieved April 28, 2007 from: http://a.abcnews.com/podcast/050726blakemore3.mp3

Virginia A. Henderson: A Celebrated Nursing Leader

Virginia A. Henderson: A Celebrated Nursing Leader Biography Virginia Avernal Henderson was born in Kansas City Missouri on November 30, 1897. She was the fifth of eight children born to Daniel B and Lucy Minor Henderson (McBride, 1996). She was named after her mothers home state of Virginia and was later educated there at a boys school run by her grandfather (Thomas). Henderson furthered her education at the U. S. Army School of Nursing in Washington D. C. and graduated in 1921. She attended the Teachers College at Columbia University where she earned her Bachelor of Science degree and her Master of Science Degree in 1932 and 1934 respectively. She taught there from 1934 until 1948 and in 1953 went to work at Yale School of Nursing (McBride, 1996). During World War I, Miss Henderson, which she preferred to be called, took a temporary job caring for the wounded. After that she worked as a public health nurse in Washington D. C. and New York City. The experienced she received in the 1920s inspired her to work as a nurse; a career she initially thought she would only stay in for a few years. It was here where she abandoned her aspirations to be an interior designer and focused on nursing as her new career (McBride, 1996). It was her work as an educator and a researcher at the Teachers College of Columbia University and Yale School of Nursing that Henderson is most known for (Thomas, 1996). The naming of the Sigma Theta Tau International University after Henderson made her the most famous nurse of the 20th century. On March 19, 1996, at the age of 96, after having chocolate cake and saying her good-byes to family and friends she quietly passed away (McBride, 1996). Leadership Style Henderson was an elegant lady who was a gracious hostess, had a great sense of humor, and was full of wisdom (McBride, 1996). She taught health professionals that they should work together in a harmonious team towards a common goal for the patients and families they served (Henderson, 2000, p. 96K). Effective nurse leaders are those who engage others to work together effectively in pursuit of a shared goal (Whitehead, Weiss Tappen, 2010, p. 4). She has shown that over and over in her role as a nurse leader. The style of leadership that she has demonstrated is considered democratic. A democratic leadership is characterized by guidance rather than control by the leader (Whitehead, et al., 2010, p. 6). Henderson possessed the leadership trait management of attention; these leaders were able to communicate a sense of goal or direction to attract followers (Whitehead, et al., 2010, p. 5). She claimed that excellence in nursing is dependent upon what each individual brings to it, and that it can be measured by the quality of the individuals personal life, by contribution as a member of a community, and by the professional services he or she offers to society. Excellence, to Henderson, suggests the well-rounded or complete person (Henderson, 2000, p. 96K). She defined the function of a nurse as doing things for patients that were not physically able to or had the required knowledge. She stated that nurses should help the patient either become healthy or die peacefully. She also taught nurses should help their patients become independent and, able to perform relevant activities for themselves as quickly as possible. She stressed the nurses duty is to the patient rather than to the doctor (Thomas, 1996). Henderson taught that no member of the team should make such high demands on another that they could not do their job properly. She also said that no member of the team should be diverted from their duties by non-medical activities such as cleaning, clerking and filing (Henderson, 1964, p. 63). Communication and Crusades Virginia Hendersons greatest achievement was a nineteen year research project which concluded with her publication of the five volume Nursing Research: Survey and Assessment, co-written with Leo Simmons and published in 1964. During this time she gathered, reviewed, catalogued, classified and cross-referenced every known piece of research on nursing published in English (Thomas, 1996). She felt proud to play a part in steering the electronic networking system of information, which was developed to provide nurses with current, jargon-free information wherever they were based. Henderson stated no profession, occupation or industry in this age can evaluate adequately or improve its practice without research. Her strong advocacy for nursing brings forth a challenge to all of us to identify new needs beyond the 14 she enumerated. Hendersons believe that research in nursing is essential for nursing practice in the age of technological advancements (Thomas, 1996). She knew that people are motivated by compassion to help others and she encouraged others to put that first. She stated that the nurse who complements the dependant, sick or well- by supplying him with strength, knowledge, or will he needs for wholeness must be judged excellent (Henderson, 2000, p. 96). Henderson was admired by a lot of her peers as well as other educational theorists. Edward Hallorans recently edited A Virginia Henderson Reader (1995) and stated it is the best source available today for a compilation of Miss Hendersons own thinking. When you glance through that volume, you are struck with the currency of her ideas. She recognized early on the importance of an outcomes orientation, health promotion, continuity of care, patient advocacy, multidisciplinary scholarship, integration of the arts and sciences, and boundary spanning. Her elegant definition of nursing, with its emphasis on complementing the patients capabilities, provides a clear direction for what nursing s hould bea wonderful counter force to the confusion that surrounds a health care system increasingly preoccupied with bottom line rather than enduring values (McBride, 1996). Henderson believed that patients should be taught to understand their medical charts. She believed that if a patient understood their medical records and had access to sources that explained medicine that the patients would not -over-use the medical care system. She stated, If you want to develop a mature and helpful philosophy about maintaining your health, you need to understand the means by which physicians clinical judgments are made and tested (Henderson, 1996, p. 16N). This can be accomplished by communicating with the patients. The more the patients know the more empowerment they will have over their illness; they will want to do more to prevent any further complications, and the chances are greater for medical compliance. Conflict Resolution As a youth, Virginia Hendersons family was quite vocal and they often stayed up late into the night discussing subjects of truth, beauty, charm or goodness. It was through these discussions, or rather arguments, that she learned how to defend her theories. She learned that her expressed views would be met with an opposing response. In her article, Excellence in Nursing, she is quoted as saying, No persons brought forward as exemplifying charm, beauty, or goodness were unanimously agreed upon by the others. In fact, it was dangerous to set up ones idol for it was sure to be knocked down (Henderson, 2000, p. 96I). Barriers that Henderson and other nurses had to face in the past are legal issues and nursing activities, which made the nursing professions position in healthcare ambiguous and misunderstood. Nurses have long struggled for rightful recognition by physicians and other healthcare members. Issues that arose were, nurses practicing independently, nurses diagnosing and treating patients. The roles of medical providers may be clear-cut in legislative controls, but human needs have always overridden legal barriers (Thomas, 1996). In the Nature of Nursing, Henderson stated that the nurse is and should be legally, an independent practitioner and able to make independent judgments as long as s/he is not diagnosing, prescribing treatment for disease, or making a prognosis, for these are the physicians function (Henderson, 1964). Henderson used her wisdom and charm to defy stereotypes. She had the ability to question the fashionable emphasis on nursing process, reminding us all that problem solving does not belong to any one profession (McBride, 1996). She was also passionate about our ailing health care system. She was glad that nurses were now recognized as providers of primary health care, yet knew that they often were frustrated because within the system, they were often unable to provide the supportive care that they believed was needed. She felt that nurses were unable to make health prevention a priority and that with more and more health agencies coming under corporate management, that it is increasingly difficult to preserve human values in health care. She thought that now, more than ever that the provision of universal health education should be instituted in grade-schools, colleges and beyond. Role Model Henderson is a wonderful role model for todays nurses. She spent her adult life in search for better ways to care for the patient. She defined what is now called the Henderson Theory which organized patient care into fourteen basic needs of the whole person and includes psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, and developmental. Using these principles the nurse and patient can together work to meet these needs and attain client-centered goals (Potter Perry, 2009, p. 50). As a nurse I would incorporate these qualities in how I take care of my patients, whether its being an advocate for them, caring for their well being or sitting and talking with them. Patients are already going through the stress of being sick and they should be able to rely on us as nurses to be empathetic, caring, understanding and helping them gain back their independence. Miss Henderson identified with her patients. She knew this was a difficult task that demanded knowledge, skills, patience, tolerance, sensitivity, and a capacity for sustained effort. She did this with her unwavering character and compassion for other human beings.

Childhood disorders Essay

CHILDHOOD DISORDERS While children can have similar mental health problems that adults have, like anxiety or depression, children’s problems often have a different focus. Children may have difficulty with changes associated with growing up, such as beginning school. They may lag behind in comparison to how other children their age are progressing, or during stressful times, they may behave like a younger child would do. Even when children do have problems that also appear in adults, the problem tends to look different in a child. For example, anxious children are often very concerned about their parents and other family members. They may want to be near loved ones at all times to be sure that everyone is all right. This site covers the following topics: Childhood Anxiety, Encopresis, Enuresis, and Oppositional Behavior. Childhood Anxiety Childhood anxiety occurs when a child is overly anxious, experiences separation anxiety, or avoids certain situations, people, or places. Usual signs of childhood anxiety include excessive distress when separated from home or from family members, worry about losing a loved one, worry about being lost or kidnapped, fear of going to school or away from home, difficulty sleeping away from home, and nightmares. Physical complaints such as stomachaches and headaches are common when the child is anticipating being separated from parents or other family members, such as spending the weekend with grandparents. These symptoms sometimes develop after an upsetting event in the child’s life, such as the death of a loved one or a pet, beginning or changing schools, moving, or being ill. Some evidence suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is beneficial for treatment of childhood anxiety disorders. While other psychotherapies may be helpful for treatment of childhood anxiety, they have not been evaluated scientifically in the same way as the treatment listed here. The Anxiety Disorders of Association of America: Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents site has specific information about how anxiety disorders appear in children that  may be different from adult anxiety. Encopresis Encopresis is the inability to control bowel movements, resulting in defecation (bowel movement) in clothing, in the bed, or on the floor. Encopresis is diagnosed in children who are at least 4 years old, although frequently children younger than 4 also cannot control their bowels. Encopresis more commonly affects boys than girls. Some evidence suggests that behavior modification is beneficial for treatment of encopresis. While other psychotherapies may be helpful for treatment of encopresis, they have not been evaluated scientifically in the same way as the treatment listed here. The Children’s Medical Center at the University of Virginia (â€Å"Kid’s Health†) has an excellent website with more information about normal bowel habits and facts on encopresis. Enures:Enures is, commonly known as â€Å"bedwetting†, is repeated urination during the day or night into bed or clothes. Enuresis is diagnosed in children who are at least 5 years old, although younger children often do have difficulty controlling urination. Behavioral treatment is well-established as a beneficial treatment for enuresis. Behavioral treatment usually involves the use of a urine alarm device and parent education. While other psychotherapies may be helpful for treatment of enuresis, they have not been evaluated scientifically in the same way as the treatment listed here. Click on the Fact Sheet on Bed-Wetting (PDF) for more facts on enuresis and some tips on helping your child with this problem. If you are interested in obtaining a urine alarm device, use your web browser to search for†urine alarm device† to find companies who sell these products on the internet. Oppositional Behavior Oppositional behavior includes things like losing one’s temper, arguing with parents or teachers, refusing to follow rules, being mean or seeking revenge, deliberately annoying people, being angry and resentful, blaming others for one’s own mistakes, and persistently being stubborn and unwilling to compromise. Usually oppositional behavior occurs at home, but it may also occur at school or in the community. Oppositional behavior is common in both preschool children and in adolescents. Parent Management Training is well-established as a beneficial treatment for oppositional behavior in  children. Parent Management Training involves helping parents learn new skills for dealing with oppositional and defiant behavior. While other psychotherapies may be helpful for treatment of oppositional behavior, they have not been evaluated scientifically in the same way as the treatment listed here. The Not My Kid site has links with information on oppositional behavior, parent guides, anger control tips, and support groups. PAGBASA †¦ ang pagbasa ay isang proseso o paraan ng pagkuha ng ideya, informasyon o kahulugan sa mga simbulong nakalimbag. ito ay nkktulong rin sa ating kaalaman upang lumawak ang ating isipan. Ano ang salik sa pagbasa at proseso ng pagbasa? Ang mga salik na nakakapekto sa pagbasa ng isang tao ay pisyolohikal, sikolohikal, pangkaisipan, pangkapaligiran, panlipunan at panlinggwistika. Ano ang salik sa pagbasa at proseso ng pagbasa? Ang mga salik na nakakapekto sa pagbasa ng isang tao ay pisyolohikal, sikolohikal, pangkaisipan, pangkapaligiran, panlipunan at panlinggwistika. Teorya ng pagbasa: teorya ng pagbasa a. Teoryang Bottom-Up- Ito ay isang traditional na pagbasa. Ito ay bunga ng teoryang behaviorist na higit na nagbibigay pokus sa kapaligiran sa paglinang ng komprehension sa†¦ ang mga uri ng pagsulat ay ang mga sumusunod: 1. akademik 2. teknikal 3. jornalistik 4. reperensyal 5. propesyonal 6. Malikhain Mga Layunin sa Pagsulat Ekspresiv Transaksyunal  © Isa itong impormal na paraan ng pagsulat.  © Gumagamit ito ng unang panauhan naako, ko, akin, at iba pa, sa pagsasalaysay.  © Sarili ng manunulat ang target nitong mambabasa.  © Naglalarawan ito ng personal na damdamin, saloobin, ideya at paniniwala.  © Nakapaloob din dito ang sariling karanasan ng manunulat at pala-palagay sa mga bagay-bagay na nangyayari sa paligid.  © Malya ang paraan ng pagsulat dito at walang sensura. Hindi gaanong mahalaga rito ang gramatika at pagbaybay ng ga salita bagkus mahalaga rito na mailabas kung ano ang talagang naiisip at nararamdaman ng isang tao.  © Halimbawa nito ay dyornal, talaarawan, personal na liham at pagtugan sa ilang isyu.  © Layunin nito na maipahayag ang sariling pananaw, kaisipan at damdamin sa pangyayari.  © Ito ay isang pormal na paraan ng pagsulat na may tiyak na target na mambabasa, tiyak na layunin at tiyak na paksa.  © Karaniwang ginagamit dito ang ikatlong panauhan na siya, sila, niya, nila, at iba pa sa paglalahad ng teksto  © Ibang tao ang target nitong mambabasa.  © Hindi ito masining o malikhaing pagsulat bagkus ito’y naglalahad ng katotohanan na sumusuporta sa pangunahing ideya.  © Nagbibigay ito ng interpretasyon sa panitikan, nagsusuri, nagbibigay ng impormasyon, nanghihikayat, nangangatwiran, nagtuturo o kaya’y nagbibigay ng ensahe sa iba.  © Kontrolado ang paraan ng psagsulat dahil may pormat o istilo ng pagsulat na kailangang sundin.  © Halimbawa nito ay balita, artikulo, talambuhay, patalastas, liham sa pangangalakal, papel sa pananaliksik, ulat, rebyu, sanaysay na pampanitikan, sanaysay na naghihikayat, sanaysay na nangangatwiran, interbyu, editorial, dokumentaryo at iba pa.

Influence of Tv Violence to the Behavior Essay

Thus, the influence of TV violence to the children particularly in the Cebu can cause negative changes in their behavior. An experiment shows that children when exposed to televised violence, exhibited the aggressive behavior they have observed – hitting, kicking and using hostile language. Prior to that time, the prevailing theory was that televised violence drained aggressive impulses. This is also the reason why television has become a growing source of parental anxiety where parents worry about the amount and kinds of program their children watch. This study aims to talk about TV violence and its effects on the behavior of the children and the ways to handle it. In order to achieve this goal, this paper is organized into three sections. The first section helps us know about the children’s understanding of television. The second section discusses the influence and effects of TV violence to the behavior of Filipino children which is the main concern of this study. And the third section offers suggestions in handling and regulating TV violence. Chapter II Presentation of Data Children’s Understanding of TV According to research, before age seven, children have difficulty integrating separate scenes into a continuous story line. Instead, they treat each scene as an isolated incident and are unable to relate a TV character’s behavior to its prior motives and eventual consequences. Thus, young children cannot see the connection between violence and its consequences if the perpetrator of violence gets to be punished only at the end of the program. Studies show that young children recall little information that is central to the plot of a story. Their difficulty ranges from their inability to differentiate what is essential to the plot and what is nonessential. Character actions, especially those showing physical actions and confrontations, are remembered better than scenes offering explanations for their actions. Children find it hard to recall scenes recounting inner feelings that explain previous events. Young children also have a hard time distinguishing make-believe from reality. A five-year-old child wondered why an actor who â€Å"died† in one TV program â€Å"came back to life† in another show; and if Superman can fly, why can’t he (the child) even if he wears a Superman cape. Children observe that cartoon characters manage to recover from severe violent acts almost immediately. This kind of exposure could lead them to interpret that in real life, people who are victims of violent acts do not really get hurt at all. A conversation between an author and a six-year-old clearly illustrates the kind of message a child gets from a cartoon program: â€Å"Why is GI Joe your favorite show? † â€Å"Because it has a lot of fighting. † â€Å"Who would you like to be like when you grow up? † â€Å"I want to be like Rambo because he has a big gun. † â€Å"What happens to the bad guys you shoot? † â€Å"They die. † â€Å"And what happens to you? † â€Å"Nothing. Young children who watch a lot of television tend to believe that it is all right to hit someone if one is angry and have a good reason. (Source: http://www. childprotection. org. ph) Influence and Effects of TV Violence Upon meeting Snow White at Disneyland, a p reschooler said to her, â€Å"You’re not Snow White, you know. † â€Å"Why do you say that? † asked Snow White. â€Å"Well,† the child replied, â€Å"if you were real, you’d be a cartoon. † And this is how powerful the media is in shaping children’s images of reality. (http://www. stanford. edu/dept/bingschool/research_dsl_1999bandura. html) The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 4 Child psychologists point out that it is a misconception to consider cartoons as harmless just because they are funny. The theme of cartoons such as Popeye is that any problem can be solved by brute force which one acquires by eating spinach. In being funny and fast paced, cartoons may tend to reduce a child’s perception of danger, pain, and suffering. TV violence can produce at least four effects. First, it teaches aggressive styles of conduct. Second, it weakens restraints against aggression by glamorizing violence. When good triumphs over evil violently, viewers are even more strongly influenced. Third, it habituates and desensitizes reactions to cruelty. And finally, it shapes our images of reality; for example, only 10% of major crimes in society are violent, but on TV, 77% of major crimes are violent, which has the effect of making people more fearful of becoming crime victims. Psychologist have speculated that watching televised violence might be emotionally arousing, making it more likely that viewers will react violently to frustrations in the environment. Televised violence might also provide models that viewers imitate, particularly if the violence is carried out by attractive, powerful models (Bernstein, et al, 284). The Social Learning Theory considers that people learn from one another, including such concepts as observational learning, imitation, and modeling. The ten-year old boy, Sergio Pelico who died after watching Saddam’s execution in TV must have imitated it. (Lucas, et al, 103) This theory together with other theories was used to explain a great many social problems such as crime, suicide, divorce and alcoholism. Furthermore, there are some people who could easily be influenced by propaganda and they would through themselves into new mass organizations in an effort to find some sense of belongingness. Stark, 21) The mass media especially the television, also contributes heavily to adolescent nonconformity in three ways. First, they stereotype all adolescents whose grooming and clothing do not reflect approved adult standards as nonconformists and attribute the behavior characteristic of nonconformity to them. If society labels its adolescents as â€Å"teen-agers† and expe cts them to be rebellious, unpredictable, sloppy, and wild in their behavior, and if the picture is repeatedly reinforced by the mass media such cultural expectations may very well force adolescents into the role of rebel. The mass media contribute to adolescent nonconformity by making real life appear unsatisfying and dull. (Hurlock, 124) A survey was conducted concerning the influence and effects of TV violence to the behavior of the children in Cebu City. The survey aims to know how children are linked to television and how it affects them and their parents. The results of the survey are shown on the next pages. . Survey results The percentage of the parents’ answers based on the following questions: Question # 1: Does your child love to watch suspense movies that involve killing? Question # 2: Does your child watch television for more than 8 hours? The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 7 Question # 3: Are you worried about the kinds of television program that they watch? Question #4: Have you noticed any negative changes in your child’s behavior after watching television? The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 8 Question #5: Does your child spend more time watching television than other necessary things like studying? Question # 6: Do they pay more attention to the television than to you? The Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 9 The survey shows that most children pay more attention to the television than to their parents. A mother even commented, â€Å"Maayo pa sauna nga wala pay TV kay ang mga bata buotan† (It was better before the television came because children are still kind and obedient). Most children that are 8-12 years old spend more time in front the TV than doing other necessary things like studying. And what’s the bad thing is that if children are used to watching television, they will be exposed to violence that might influence their behavior. Although not all children are watching television for more than 8 hours, the effects of television are still prone to children. Some parents even admitted that they have observed some negative changes in their child’s behavior after watching a television show that has some bad scenes in it since children tend to imitate the things they have seen from the show without knowing that it might be wrong. Several scholars have pointed out that as media content has increased in violence in the past few decades, violent crimes among youth have declined rapidly. Although most scholars caution that this decline cannot be attributed to a causal effect, they conclude that this observation argues against causal harmful effects for media violence. Regulating TV Violence Parents worry about the kinds of television programs that their children watch. The urgency and seriousness of this issue on media violence has reached global proportions. A worldwide concern has prompted parents, educators, advocacy groups, and mental health professionals to launch protest activities and public discussions on how children can be protected against harmful media influences. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 10 A number of bills were filed to mitigate the negative effects of televised violence. House Bill 19183 proposes a ratings system for TV programs. House Bill 10183 provides that cartoons featuring violence and unethical conduct should be aired only during times when young children are not usually watching. The Kapisanan ng Mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas has its code and internal guidelines. Relevant sections pertaining to responsibility towards children are: – Children’s programs shall not present violence, whether physical or psychological, as a means to resolve conflicts and problems. – Children’s programs shall not emphasize perverted sex and undue violence. – Penalties have been stipulated for violations of these rules. These include fines ranging from P5, 000 to P15, 000, suspension of KBP privileges, expulsion from KBP membership, to recommendation to the National Telecommunications Commission for suspension of station lease for the fourth offense. Consequently, The Department of Education are monitoring television channels through a project aimed at reducing violent content that might be watched by children. The campaign involves TV shows between 6 a. m. and 10 a. m. , which the DepEd claims to be the period where more children watch TV. Their goal is to have stations comply by reducing violent or vulgar shows by as much as 20 percent. The campaign also encourages parents and concerned citizens to send reports or file complaints to NCCT regarding TV shows that may be harmful for children. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 11 Television is not merely bad since it is used as a means of communication and as a means of educating but what makes it wrong is the way people abuse its use and the way some of them used television to expose violent actions without even thinking how it could affect the viewers. The effects of TV violence are no doubt harmful especially to children. These may cause negative changes in their behavior one of which is being aggressive. That is why children should be guided by their parents or guardians so that will not be influenced by the words they hear and the things they see. When viewing together, they can discuss how the conflict could have been solved without the violence. They should explain to the child how violence in entertainment is â€Å"faked† and not real. Such interventions, whether at the personal or family level can moderate the impact of violent scenes on children. Adult explanation improves children’s understanding of plots, characters, and events. Co-viewing with children can provide occasions for parents to discuss values, beliefs, and moral issues. Parents should also set clear guidelines on the time and length of television viewing. Perhaps the most effective approach in dealing with this problem of television violence should be systemic and multilevel—changes must take place at the home, school, and industry levels. Though researches have all pointed to the association between televised violence and aggression in children, what a child learns from television may be â€Å"a product of the broader relationship among medium, child, and parent† Thus, active, responsible parental involvement in the child’s television viewing does make a great difference. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 12 Chapter III Conclusion Television has become a potent agency of socialization because like the family, school, and peers, it directly provides the child with experiences which shape their attitudes and influence their behaviors. Children that are exposed to TV violence can experience negative changes in their behavior. First, it can teach aggressive styles of conduct. Second, it weakens restraints against aggression by glamorizing violence. Third, it habituates and desensitizes reactions to cruelty. And finally, it shapes our images of reality. In order to handle this, a number of bills were filed to mitigate the negative effects of televised violence. Parents can also encourage their children to find pleasure in other mass media, such as books and newspapers. Perhaps the most appropriate solution in dealing with this must take place at home, school and industry. Thus, active, responsible parental guidance is very necessary. The power to initiate change for the prevention of the harmful effects of TV violence should come from the â€Å"market†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ not a market that passively laps up unhealthy and disturbing programs that assault young, sensitive minds, but a market that is critical, enlightened, and imbued with a strong resolve to protect children’s well-being and right to wholesome entertainment. Influence of TV Violence to Children’s Behavior; 13 Chapter 1V Bibliography Books Lucas, Maria Rita and Corpuz, Brenda. Facilitating Learning: A Metacognitive Process. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc. , 2007. Stark, Rodney.

6 Tips for Negotiating the Salary You Want

6 Tips for Negotiating the Salary You Want You’ve got a job offer. Mini-wave in celebration of you! Except don’t write your â€Å"I quit† email to your current boss just yet. There’s still another step before your new job is official: the salary negotiation. In your offer letter (or email, or phone call), there was likely a salary amount in there somewhere. Remember what we usually tell you about the interview process? That you should hold off on discussing money and benefits until later in the process? Well, my friend, that time is now. Here are some tips you can use to maximize that process, and try to improve upon an initial offer.1. Be realistic.Know the market rate for your position. If you didn’t do this before your interview, do it now (thanks, Google!). You can check sites like Payscale.com and Salary.com to see what information is out there for people in your new position, at your new company, and/or at other companies. This will help you form a baseline of what you can reasonably e xpect. You can try for higher, but if you do that, make sure it’s on the same scale. Sure, you can reach for the stars, but if you demand $500K and a signing bonus Ferrari for a job that averages $60K and may offer an Uber discount, well†¦you will be laughed at (at best), or have your offer rescinded (at worst).2. It’s okay to haggle†¦These days, employers expect there to be a bit of negotiation. Sure, some people are so thankful for the job offer that they sign on the dotted line, no questions asked. However, it’s also common for employees to try for a higher salary. It’s not personal; the employer understands that you’re merely trying to get the best possible outcome for yourself. Once you receive the initial offer, respond graciously with a thank you, and make sure you’re clear that you’d like some time to consider your pay and benefits.3†¦but be nice.This is a dialogue with your new employer, not an adversary. You w ant the tone to be as pleasant and mutually beneficial as possible because soon you will have a personnel file with them. Be polite in all of your communication with them- and don’t let them forget how high a priority you put on being a good fit with their team.4. Don’t forget benefits.Salary may be the most important part of a new job offer/acceptance, but it’s not the only important thing. Take a good look at the benefits package that comes along with the salary. It can be an important fallback negotiation if they really won’t wiggle much on the salary itself. Can you get additional vacation/personal days? Can you add flexible work-from-home time? The negotiation should be considered a package negotiation, with less tangible benefits included in the bottom line as well.5. Have your talking points ready to go.Salary negotiation may follow quickly after the job offer. Once it starts, you don’t want to drag your feet too much. You should have all of your information ready to go so that you can keep the back-and-forth going over the next few days.Chances are, you’re like the rest of us and not an elite athlete whose contract saga can play out for months at a time with the team’s front office. It’s in your interest- and the company’s- to resolve this as quickly as possible to get you started in your new role. To help keep things moving, make sure you have your selling points (Experience! Market rates for this position! Millions of dollars in sales for your last company!) all lined up in your head (or even better, in your notebook) so that you can respond quickly and effectively.6. Know when to fold ‘em.There may be a point in the negotiation where the offered salary just won’t work for you, and the company is no longer willing to go higher. You should know ahead of time what your â€Å"no go† point is, and decide whether you still want to move forward with the job at that less-than -ideal offer. If you don’t, then it’s okay to walk away from the offer and go back into the job search process. If you decide to go ahead and accept, at least you know that you’ve done everything you can do to scoop up any money left on the table.Throughout the process, even if you’re not getting the ideal salary you have in your head, don’t get discouraged. You’ll have opportunities later to negotiate for raises. In the meantime, go out there, be confident, and grab those bucks!

Free Essays on Coastlines

â€Å"Coastlines constantly change due to the processes of erosion and deposition† Australia’s coastline measures over 36000 kilometres. About 85 per cent of the population live in coastal towns or cities. More than 25 per cent live within 3 kilometres of the coast. The coast is important as a natural and human resource. Many people use coasts for recreation as well as industries, fishing locations and ports, but not many people realise that coasts are constantly changing. These changes are due to the processes of erosion and depositon. Erosion is the wearing away of the earths surface by agents such as wind and water. Waves are constantly striking against a coastline and when the weather is windy, the waves are larger and more powerful. As the wave hits the coastline, the energy in them is used to erode rocks and move sand, pebbles and other material. Bays and headlands are formed by erosion; they result from rocks eroding in different ways. Soft rocks are worn away more readily and form bays. The harder rocks take longer to erode and form headlands. An example of a coastal feature caused by erosion is a cave. A cave will be formed where weak rocks are eroded on each side of a headland. Over time the caves will erode enough to join, forming an arch. Further erosion of the rock supporting the arch will cause it to collapse, leaving a stack. Sometimes where we have only one cave, forming in the face of a cliff. The water can sometimes find a weakness in the cliff face and find a way to the surface, forming a blowhol e. Deposition also plays a major part in the constant change of our coastlines. Waves carry sand and other material on and off the shore. When a wave breaks, the water from it runs up the beach. This is called swash. The movement of water back down the beach to the sea is called the backwash. When storms occur and waves are large, more material is carried in the backwash to deep water. These are called destructive wave... Free Essays on Coastlines Free Essays on Coastlines â€Å"Coastlines constantly change due to the processes of erosion and deposition† Australia’s coastline measures over 36000 kilometres. About 85 per cent of the population live in coastal towns or cities. More than 25 per cent live within 3 kilometres of the coast. The coast is important as a natural and human resource. Many people use coasts for recreation as well as industries, fishing locations and ports, but not many people realise that coasts are constantly changing. These changes are due to the processes of erosion and depositon. Erosion is the wearing away of the earths surface by agents such as wind and water. Waves are constantly striking against a coastline and when the weather is windy, the waves are larger and more powerful. As the wave hits the coastline, the energy in them is used to erode rocks and move sand, pebbles and other material. Bays and headlands are formed by erosion; they result from rocks eroding in different ways. Soft rocks are worn away more readily and form bays. The harder rocks take longer to erode and form headlands. An example of a coastal feature caused by erosion is a cave. A cave will be formed where weak rocks are eroded on each side of a headland. Over time the caves will erode enough to join, forming an arch. Further erosion of the rock supporting the arch will cause it to collapse, leaving a stack. Sometimes where we have only one cave, forming in the face of a cliff. The water can sometimes find a weakness in the cliff face and find a way to the surface, forming a blowhol e. Deposition also plays a major part in the constant change of our coastlines. Waves carry sand and other material on and off the shore. When a wave breaks, the water from it runs up the beach. This is called swash. The movement of water back down the beach to the sea is called the backwash. When storms occur and waves are large, more material is carried in the backwash to deep water. These are called destructive wave...

Fashion and consumer science Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 1

Fashion and consumer science - Term Paper Example This term paper talks about consumers around the world that reflect some distinct behavioural traits while going for purchasing luxury products. Luxury products are purchased by the consumers not only depending on the features and advantages obtained from the product but also tends to avail a large plethora of experiences attached to such. The people availing such luxury products also tend to relate their identity with the products purchased and also with the specific brands and companies from which such commodities are purchased. Consumers do not resort to logical decision making while making the relevant purchases but rather are made to satiate the growing desires of comfort and luxury. It also helps the consumers to create a different social image for them in the society. To satisfy consumerism related to fashion commodities different types of retail formats have grown around the world which help the consumers to sustain their lifestyles. The purchasing activities related to luxur y commodities are conducted by consumers both on the physical and on the virtual plane. On the physical front the consumers tend to frequent the stores from where the commodities can be availed. However the consumers in the modern periods are also found to avail such commodities through the online sphere or through shopping activities conducted by the help of mobiles. The evaluation of the benefits availed through the purchase of luxury commodities is done based on the level of reflection that the consumers gain with the products. Still the luxury commodities produced around the world have some considerable lifetime after which such products or services become redundant and their place is taken by other such products and services. With the increase in sophistication and growth of consumer desires the luxury goods and services need to be enhanced in an aspiring manner to help meet future needs (Okonkwo, 2007, p.63-64). Research Question The research paper in question

Forensic computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Forensic computing - Essay Example A user can use criteria such as size, filename, creation and modified dates in locating files. The search results returned by OS forensics are made available in different views which include the timeline view, thumbnail view and file listing (Beijnum, 2009, p. 23). This helps the user determine the pattern of activity on the computer and know where significant file change occurred. Besides locating the files, this tool can go further to search within contents of each file for a full analysis. OS forensics has a powerful pre-indexed search capability that offers full text search to hundreds of file formats. Below is a list of what results OS forensics can offer: Highlighting Wildcard searches Relevance ranked search results Exclusion searches Date sorting or date range searching Exact phrase matching "Google-like" context results File listing view of search results The file formats that can be indexed by OS forensics include: RTF, WPD, SWF, DJVU, DOC, PDF, PPT, XLS, JPG, GIF, PNG, TIF F, XLSX, MHT, ZIP, MP3, DWF, DOCX, PPTX and more. In addition, it has a feature that helps analyze files so as to determine their file type if they lack file extension. The advanced hashing algorithm in OS forensics can help create a unique fingerprint that is used to identify a file. OS forensics can help the investigator to organize the evidence discovered into a cryptographically secure single file. The expert can add more results and evidence to the case file for future reference and analysis and be confident that the case file cannot be tampered with. Case management helps the user to organize and aggregate case items and results from OS forensics. An advantage of this software is that it can be installed and run from a USB flash drive thus helps you in keeping your investigation tools and reports with you when you are mobile (Cansolvo & Scholtz, 2004, p. 85). A user should avoid installing any software on the target machine so as to avoid the risk of unintentionally overwritin g or deleting valuable forensic data left by the suspect. With OS forensics, the computer expert can export case files as customizable and accessible reports that show all the evidence gathered. This feature helps to deliver a summary of readable forensic findings to law enforcement agents or clients at any time during the investigation. OS forensics can be used to retrieve e-mail messages directly from their archives without the need to install email client programs such as thunderbird or Outlook (Dimitrova, Bellotti, Lozanova & Roumenin, 2011). It reads directly into the archive and displays everything from message headers, HTML, Rich Text Format and regular Text. Supported file formats are: Mbox for thunderbird, UNIX mail, Eudora and more. Pst for outlook. Msg for outlook. Dbx for outlook express. Eml for outlook express. All the attachments associated with the specified email can be extracted too. Email searching functionality embedded in OS forensics can be used to quickly sear ch across all the content in the email’s archive effectively. OS forensics Email Viewer The forensic value of carrying out the processes described above may vary depending on various factors such as who needs the information and for what purpose is the information in question needed (Lin & Stead, 2009, p. 67). This valuable